What Makes Metamorphic Rocks So Unique

Metamorphic rocks are the third great class of rocks. They occur when sedimentary and igneous rocks become changed, or metamorphosed, by conditions underground. The four main agents that metamorphose rocks are heat, pressure, fluids, and strain. These agents can act and interact in an almost infinite variety of ways. As a result, most of the thousands of rare minerals known to science occur in metamorphic rocks. Metamorphism acts at two scales: regional and local. Regional-scale metamorphism generally occurs deep underground during  orogenies, or mountain-building episodes. The resulting metamorphic rocks from the cores of large mountain chains like the Appalachians. Local metamorphism happens at a much smaller level, usually from nearby igneous intrusions. It is sometimes referred to as contact metamorphism. A gneiss boulder showing characteristic mineral banding. Grant Dixon / Lonely Planet Images / Getty Images How to Distinguish Metamorphic Rocks The main feature that identifies metamorphic rocks is that they are shaped by great heat and pressure. The following traits are all related to that. Because their mineral grains grew together tightly during metamorphism, theyre generally strong rocks.Theyre made of different minerals than other kinds of rocks and have a wide range of color and luster.They often show signs of stretching or squeezing, giving them a striped appearance. The Four Agents of Regional Metamorphism Heat and pressure usually work together, because both increase as you go deeper into the Earth. At high temperatures and pressures, the minerals in most rocks break down and change into a different set of minerals that are stable in the new conditions. The clay minerals of sedimentary rocks are a good example. Clays are surface minerals, which form as feldspar and mica break down in the conditions at the Earths surface. With heat and pressure, they slowly return to mica and feldspar. Even with their new mineral assemblages, metamorphic rocks may have the same overall chemistry as before metamorphism. Fluids are an important agent of metamorphism. Most rocks contain some water, but sedimentary rocks hold the most. First, there is the water that was trapped in the sediment as it became rock. Second, there is water that is liberated by clay minerals as they change back to feldspar and mica. This water can become so charged with dissolved materials that the resulting fluid is, in essence, a liquid mineral. It may be acidic or alkaline, full of silica (forming chalcedony) or full of sulfides or carbonates or metal compounds, in endless varieties. Fluids tend to wander away from their birthplaces, interacting with rocks elsewhere. That process, which changes a rocks chemistry as well as its mineral assemblage, is called metasomatism. Strain refers to any change in the shape of rocks due to the force of stress. Movement on a fault zone is one example. In shallow rocks, shear forces simply grind and crush the mineral grains (cataclasis) to yield cataclasite. Continued grinding yields the hard and streaky rock mylonite.   Different degrees of metamorphism create distinctive sets of metamorphic minerals. These are organized into metamorphic facies, a tool petrologists use to decipher the history of metamorphism. Foliated vs. Non-foliated Metamorphic Rocks Under greater heat and pressure, as  metamorphic minerals  such as mica and feldspar begin to form, strain orients them in layers. The presence of mineral layers, called  foliation, is an important feature for classifying  metamorphic rocks. As strain increases, the foliation becomes more intense, and the minerals may sort themselves into thicker layers. The foliated rock types that form under these conditions are called  schist  or  gneiss, depending on their texture. Schist is finely foliated whereas gneiss is organized in noticeable, wide bands of minerals. Non-foliated rocks occur when heat is high, but pressure is low or equal on all sides. This prevents dominant minerals from showing any visible alignment. The minerals still recrystallize, however, increasing the overall strength and density of the rock. The Basic Metamorphic Rock Types The sedimentary rock shale metamorphoses first into slate, then into phyllite, then a mica-rich schist. The mineral quartz does not change under high temperature and pressure, although it becomes more strongly cemented. Thus, the sedimentary rock sandstone turns to quartzite. Intermediate rocks that mix sand and clay—mudstones—metamorphose into schists or gneisses. The sedimentary rock limestone recrystallizes and becomes marble. Igneous rocks give rise to a different set of minerals and metamorphic rock types. These include serpentinite, blueschist, soapstone, and other rarer species such as eclogite. Metamorphism can be so intense, with all four factors acting at their extreme range, that the foliation can be warped and stirred like taffy; the result of this is  migmatite. With further metamorphism, rocks can begin to resemble  plutonic granites. These kinds of rocks give joy to experts because of what they say about deep-seated conditions during things like plate collisions. Contact or Local Metamorphism A type of metamorphism that is important in specific localities is contact metamorphism. This most often occurs near igneous intrusions, where hot magma forces itself into sedimentary strata. The rocks next to the invading magma are baked into hornfels or its coarse-grained cousin granofels. Magma can rip chunks of country-rock off the channel wall and turn them into exotic minerals, too. Surface lava flows and underground coal fires can also cause mild contact metamorphism, similar to the  degree that occurs when baking bricks.

The Ethical Journey Of Views Of College Students - 891 Words

Many students leave for college and are excited to begin a new journey or chapter in their life. Many had a long road to make it through high school while some found it easy. This paper will be discussing the Ethical journey of views of college students. What make some cheat while other are honest and how is cheating or academic dishonesty viewed by the American people. What are ethics and how they do apply to the college student, and how does the college student s apply it to the world. Ethics has many meanings but for this period of instruction according to the Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy it is described as: (moral philosophy) involves systematizing defending and recommending concepts of right and wrong (Encyclopedia). Most students learn this from an early age, cheating is not tolerated and will not be condoned. Why do some students cheat while others don’t? Research has shown that some students cheating behaviors are linked to students of lower abilities are more likely to cheat than those that have higher learning abilities. (Anderman et, al. 2006). While some students struggle to make things happen by studying hard and trying their best at everything they do. There are the other students that are very well put together and smart and are expected to do their best. Do they cheat as well? And if so why? Research has found that students that are expected to keep a high grade point average and get into the best colleges around the world also cheat. ButShow MoreRelatedI Am Writing At The Spring 2015 Semester Of Mrs. Miller s Engl 112 Dual Enrollment College1577 Words   |  7 PagesI am writing to share with you the work I have completed during the Spring 2015 semester in Mrs. Miller’s Engl 112 Dual Enrollment College Composition II course at Brooke Point High School. 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Although the girl is now grown up and ready to start a life of her own, her parent is recalling everything about the girl’s life up to this point. The author, Linda Pastan, was born on in1932, on May 27 in New York CityRead MoreSkills and Intellect of President Barack Obama Essay830 Words   |  4 Pageshis political triumphs and historical presidency. He has an extensive educational background and has a strong political resume to match. In the book Reading Obama by James Kloppenberg, Kloppenberg not only applauded President Obama’s educational journey as a means to developing the necessary skills to be a leader, but also viewed Obama as an intellectual and philosophical president which he believes are unique characteristics only present in a minority of American historians. Kloppenberg uses Obama’s

Cancer Journal of Clinical Oncology

Question: Discuss about the Cancerfor Journal of Clinical Oncology. Answer: Introduction Cancer is the uncontrollable division of cells and eventually spread to tissues and other parts of the body. There are two hundred types of cancer depending on the type of cell affected initially. The normal follow the orderly cell cycle for growth, division and apoptosis but in cancer cells, they divide uncontrollably to form masses called tumors. They grow and could travel to different parts of the body. The tumors that stay at the place of its origin are benign in nature and those tumors that travel to different parts of the body are metastasized. They travel through blood and lymphatic systems and could settle at a secondary location. They invade new blood vessel and healthy tissues managing to divide and grow. They are caused due to hereditary and environmental factors including sedentary lifestyle. The treatment for cancer includes surgery or radiation in combination with chemotherapy called adjuvant chemotherapy. According to World Health Organization, 14 million new cases of cancer and 8.2 million deaths reported in 2012. Cancer is one of the non-communicable diseases that accounts for the 80% of the deaths worldwide along with cardiovascular diseases, diabetes and respiratory diseases. Therefore, cancer is a major health issue among the populations worldwide. Cancer: a Major Health Issue Cancer is considered one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality. According to World Health Organization, the expected number of new cases in cancer would increase to 70% in the next twenty years. The World Cancer Research Fund International, the estimated new cases of cancer would increase to 24 million by 2030 (Siegel, Miller and Jemal 2015). According to the third edition of Global Cancer Facts and Figures, 8.2 million cancer cases meaning about twenty-two thousand deaths in a day (seer.cancer.gov 2015). One in every four person is affected by cancer. By 2030, the global burden of cancer would increase to 21.7 million new cases and 13 million deaths due to cancer as reported by Global Cancer, third edition (Www.cdc.gov 2015). This increase would cause due to the lifestyle adaptations elevating the cancer risk. As a result, cancer is becoming a major health issue among people worldwide. The people need to know about cancer and the risk factors that are posing a threat and ca using the future cancer burden. According to National Cancer Institute, in 2013 the mostly affected population is the Africans followed by the Americans, Hispanics (International Agency for Research on Cancer 2013). The white women are highly affected by cancer followed by Africans, Hispanics, Asian and American Indian. There are 1,685,210 new cancer cases diagnosed in United States followed by Africans, Asians and Central and South Americans accounts for 70% of the cancer worldwide (surveillance.cancer.gov 2015). The reason for the Africans to develop the risk of cancer is due to their geographical area. According to Globocan 2015, the cancer occurs in low and middle-income groups. In the low-income countries, 80% of the cancer cases are diagnosed at a later stage, therefore, palliative care is the only option for the treatment (Ferlay 2015). Denmark ranks the highest in overall cancer rate and Australia ranked the third among the countries affected by cancer as estimated by World Cancer Research Foundation. Major Interventions There are three areas where the interventions were implemented for cancer. The prevention, early detection and psychological intervention in surviving cancer patients are the three interventions. Prevention It is the most important intervention that is cost-effective and used as a long-term strategy to control cancer. The sedentary lifestyle and suboptimal diet are the major causes of cancer risk in the population especially in United States. The prevention strategies are beneficial in cancer prevention along with other diseases that share same risk factors. Modifying the diet, doing physical exercise and maintaining a healthy lifestyle would reduce the risk of cancer. The implementation of cancer awareness programs with updated guidelines, policy-making and community strategies would make people aware of the cancer as a major health issue (Bray 2015). The physicians are encouraged to impart knowledge regarding the risk factors that cause cancer and recommend facts regarding nutrition, physical exercise and conduct programs to make the community aware of the cancer risk and ways to reduce the primary risk of cancer. Tobacco use is the most common and accounts for 31% of the total cancer deaths among men. The alcohol use, dietary factors, physical inactivity and cancers due to infections are the main areas where awareness programs have been implemented. The primary prevention would reduce the global cancer risks. The effectiveness of cancer prevention programs helped to reduce the mortality rate in lung cancer by creating awareness regarding the tobacco and alcohol use. The cervical cancer vaccines and the screening tests for breast cancer helped to reduce the global cancer burden. The Hepatitis B vaccine in Taiwan helped to reduce the mortality rate in liver cancer and campaigns for cancer prevention reduced the carriers for the human papiloma virus (Stewart 2015). The vaccination programs in school and providing Gardasil free of cost reduced the cancer risk in the targeted population covering around 93%. The most effective prevention method was taken in Brazil and Thailand where the price hike in tobacco showed a decline in smoking and related cancer risk. The prevention for skin cancer in Australia reduced the risk for cancer in the targeted population for two consecutive summers providing them information about protection from sun. The screening tests involve the informed consent from the individuals with respect for autonomy and welfare of the participant in part of a screening test. The ethical questions arising about the risk and benefits of the various screening tests in cervical and breast cancer also involves informed precautions regarding the screening tests. The benefits and risks in chemo preventive drugs in randomized trials, counseling of patients who are at low level of risk, risk notification and in screening of genetic markers involve the ethical practices in cancer prevention. Early Detection It involves the screening tests in the asymptomatic populations along with the awareness about the early symptoms that increases the chances of cure. It also consists of the surveillance and research. For the early detection of the cancer, the information regarding the data on burden of cancer, the prevalence among the population groups mentioned in the population and hospital-based registers are helpful. The delivery of education and outcomes of the screening tests by the community physicians is helpful in the early detection of cancer. The early detection in cancer would increase the chances of survival in the patients rather in the people whose cancers would not occur until the symptoms appear. The effectiveness of cancer detection declined in the number of deaths due to cancer. For example, in United States, due to screening with Pap smear and screening for breast cancer with mammography and prostate cancer with protein specific antigen screening has significantly reduced the number of deaths due to cancer (Lindsey 2015). The early detection would also make people aware of the symptoms associated with the various types of cancer that would be helpful in the early diagnosis (Trikalinos 2014). According to World Health Organization, the early detection is helpful when the screening programs are demonstrated to people in the right way especially covering the target population. The concept of one-on-one and group education is helpful in the screening of the cancer involving the early detection (Sabatino 2012). The group education involves educating the group members about the benefits of cancer screening and ways to overcome the screening barriers. The group education showed a n increase in the screening of breast cancer with mammography. In one-on-one education, the health professional provides information about the different screening benefits of cancer in person. There are ethical practices in early cancer detection. In the screening programs for early detection also involves the informed consents from the people and educating them about the risks and benefits regarding the screening tests (Carter 2016). Along with the screening procedure, the person has the right to know about their medical condition accurately. The ethical practice in screening is involved with an intention of delivering minimum harm to the individuals. The ethical practice in screening also takes into account that psychological wellbeing along with physical health (www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov 2013). During the screening programs, support is provided keeping autonomy of the people in consideration. Psychological Intervention The aggressive treatment procedures in cancer has brought into consideration the management of the surviving cancer patients in dealing the side-effects of chemotherapy, nausea, vomiting and their mental health. The non-pharmacological intervention in dealing with the surviving patients is crucial. The psychological intervention is important for the surviving cancer patients to frame their life in a positive way that would be more meaningful and feel comfortable with their physical condition (Breitbart 2015). It is aimed at increasing the chances of survival of the patients so that they could respond well to the treatment and improve their quality of life. They are also helpful for the cancer patients to maintain a healthy relationship with their family and friends and appreciate their lives. The effectiveness of the psychological intervention has involved yoga and meditation in the surviving cancer helped them to cope up with the physical problems of nausea, vomiting and side effects of the chemotherapy (Moyer 2014). The behavioral therapy is applied with psychological intervention that helped to cope up with anxiety, stress related with the surgery or other medical health issues. It also helped the cancer patients with invasive treatments in improving their quality of life and coping with the pain. It also provided them the sense of self-control when they feel vulnerable. It provides them a balance of mind and in dealing with the trauma associated with the surgery in a positive way. The psychologists follow the principles of beneficence, nonmaleficence, responsibility, justice, integrity and respect for the persons integrity and dignity (Archer, Buxton and Sheffield 2015). The psychologists strive with an aim of safeguarding the patients welfare and minimize harm. They are aware of the professional responsibilities and are concerned about the scientific conduct. They also seek to promote honesty, truthfulness in the practice of psychology in cancer patients. They are aimed at providing justice and fairness to the cancer patients and equal access of treatment for all the patients. They practice the respect for the dignity and rights of the individuals. They practice the rights to confidentiality and privacy of the individuals seeking psychological assistance. Among all the three interventions, the early detection of cancer is the most effective. It may reduce the global cancer burden. The early detection helps to reduce the premature deaths and morbidity due to cancer (Brocklehurst 2013). It is also helpful in cases of early stages of cancer that would increase the chances of survival and aggressive treatments in the later cancer stages (Bretthauer and Kalager 2013). It helps to eliminate the deaths due to cancer and reduce the number of people prone to disease. It is also helpful in cases where they there are no symptoms yet. It ensures good quality of life by reducing the treatment procedure when detected at an early stage. As a result, the recovery time would be less and better chances of survival (Bower 2014). It is also helpful in cases by finding the chances in the body that would develop cancer. Therefore, the early detection in cancer is an important intervention and steps taken in this direction could help to reduce the deaths du e to cancer worldwide. Cancer is one of the major causes of mortality worldwide. It is a health issue among the populations suffering from cancer. There are millions of people worldwide diagnosed with cancer and half of them eventually die. There are about 14.2 million new cases since 2012 and 8.2 million deaths as reported by the worldwide cancer statistics (Saika and Sobue 2013). The premature deaths, loss of productivity causing economic burden, the cost of treatment and ensuring the quality of life in the surviving cancer patients are major issues taking a toll at the population level. The interventions are implemented in the areas of prevention, early detection and psychological therapy to reduce the cancer burden. There are new areas in prevention and early detection of the cancer that would be helpful in providing the individuals the best care. Therefore, steps implemented in this direction could help to reduce the globally rising cancer burden. References Archer, S., Buxton, S. and Sheffield, D., 2015. The effect of creative psychological interventions on psychological outcomes for adult cancer patients: a systematic review of randomised controlled trials.Psycho?Oncology,24(1), pp.1-10. Bower, J.E., Bak, K., Berger, A., Breitbart, W., Escalante, C.P., Ganz, P.A., Schnipper, H.H., Lacchetti, C., Ligibel, J.A., Lyman, G.H. and Ogaily, M.S., 2014. Screening, assessment, and management of fatigue in adult survivors of cancer: an American Society of Clinical oncology clinical practice guideline adaptation.Journal of Clinical Oncology,32(17), pp.1840-1850. Bray, F., Jemal, A., Torre, L.A., Forman, D. and Vineis, P., 2015. Long-term realism and cost-effectiveness: Primary prevention in combatting cancer and associated inequalities worldwide.Journal of the National Cancer Institute,107(12), p.djv273. Breitbart, W., Rosenfeld, B., Pessin, H., Applebaum, A., Kulikowski, J. and Lichtenthal, W.G., 2015. Meaning-centered group psychotherapy: an effective intervention for improving psychological well-being in patients with advanced cancer.Journal of Clinical Oncology,33(7), pp.749-754. Bretthauer, M. and Kalager, M., 2013. Principles, effectiveness and caveats in screening for cancer.British journal of surgery,100(1), pp.55-65. Carter, S.M., 2016, August. Ethical aspects of cancer screening. InCancer Forum(Vol. 40, No. 2, p. 105). The Cancer Council Australia. Ferlay, J., Soerjomataram, I., Dikshit, R., Eser, S., Mathers, C., Rebelo, M., Parkin, D.M., Forman, D. and Bray, F., 2015. Cancer incidence and mortality worldwide: sources, methods and major patterns in GLOBOCAN 2012.International journal of cancer,136(5), pp.E359-E386. International Agency for Research on Cancer, 2013. Latest world cancer statistics Global cancer burden rises to 14.1 million new cases in 2012: Marked increase in breast cancers must be addressed.World Health Organization,12. Lindsey, L., Husband, A., Nazar, H. and Todd, A., 2015. Promoting the early detection of cancer: A systematic review of community pharmacy-based education and screening interventions.Cancer epidemiology,39(5), pp.673-681. Moyer, A., Goldenberg, M., Schneider, S., Sohl, S. and Knapp, S., 2014. Psychosocial interventions for cancer patients and outcomes related to religion or spirituality: a systematic review and meta-analysis.World Journal of Psycho-Social Oncology,3(1). Sabatino, S.A., Lawrence, B., Elder, R., Mercer, S.L., Wilson, K.M., DeVinney, B., Melillo, S., Carvalho, M., Taplin, S., Bastani, R. and Rimer, B.K., 2012. Effectiveness of interventions to increase screening for breast, cervical, and colorectal cancers: nine updated systematic reviews for the guide to community preventive services.American journal of preventive medicine,43(1), pp.97-118. seer.cancer.gov,2015. Cancer Statistics. [online] Available at: https://seer.cancer.gov/statfacts/html/all.html [Accessed 2015] Siegel, R.L., Miller, K.D. and Jemal, A., 2015. Cancer statistics, 2015.CA: a cancer journal for clinicians,65(1), pp.5-29. Stewart, B.W., Bray, F., Forman, D., Ohgaki, H., Straif, K., Ullrich, A. and Wild, C., 2015. Cancer prevention as part of precision medicine:plenty to be done.Carcinogenesis, p.bgv166. surveillance.cancer.gov , 2015. Cancer Statistics. [online] Available at: https://surveillance.cancer.gov/statistics/types/race_ethnic.html [Accessed 2015] Trikalinos, T.A., Wieland, L.S., Adam, G.P., Zgodic, A. and Ntzani, E.E., 2014. Decision Aids for Cancer Screening and Treatment. Www.cdc.gov, 2015. Cancer. [online] Available at: https://www.cdc.gov/cancer/dcpc/data/race.htm [Accessed 2015] www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov, 2013. Benefits and risks of screening tests. [online] Available at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0072602/ [Accessed 7 Nov.2013] Brocklehurst, P., Kujan, O., O'Malley, L.A., Ogden, G., Shepherd, S. and Glenny, A.M., 2013. Screening programmes for the early detection and prevention of oral cancer.The Cochrane Library. Saika, K. and Sobue, T., 2013. [Cancer statistics in the world].Gan to kagaku ryoho. Cancer chemotherapy,40(13), pp.2475-2480.

WordPress Footer 3 Elements That All Websites Should Include, Plus How

Your website’s footer is hardly its most glamorous section. Tucked away at the bottom of each page, it’s easy to overlook in favor of other, more prominent elements. However, failing to carefully design your WordPress footer means missing out on some key engagement opportunities.The footer is actually a crucial tool, just as important as your site’s header in its own way. It provides a ‘cap’ to your content, and the perfect opportunity to offer key information to your visitors. A simple, but thoughtfully laid-out footer section can benefit your site quite a lot.In this post, we’ll talk a little more about why your WordPress footer matters. Then we’ll offer some tips for designing it to be as effective as possible. Let’s take a look! A simple but effective footer can compliment your site’s design perfectly.When it comes to writing an article, blog post, or similar piece of written content, you’re probably well aware of the importance of introductions and conclusions. The former gives readers a preliminary look at your content and what it’s all about, while the latter provides a crucial summary and a last chance to hook their attention and interest.We bring this up because it can be useful to think about your website in the same way. Your site’s header, menu, and other top-level elements form its ‘introduction’, and it can be tempting to focus all your efforts on them. However, your footer – or ‘conclusion’ – is just as vital. In fact, many visitors remain highly engaged all the way down to the bottom of each page.In other words, your footer section is a summary of your website as a whole. By collecting the most important details in this one place, you create an effective end cap to your content and give visitors a location where they can easily find what they need.Three tips for designing your website’s footerSo, how do you go about a ctually designing an effective WordPress footer? While you won’t want yours to be a cookie-cutter version of any other site, there are some common and vital elements to consider no matter what you’re building. Let’s look at three of the most important tips for putting together a quality footer section.Nowadays, most themes use widgets for the WordPress footer, so you should be able to add these elements using regular WordPress widgets. That is, go to  Appearance → Widgets in your WordPress dashboard and add new widgets to the footer section. This post explains how to use widgets in more detail.1. Include contact informationFor many websites, contact information is one of their most vital features. How else will customers ask questions about your e-commerce business, or readers of your blog share their ideas and requests? Making it easy for people to get in touch is key for building an audience, driving conversions, and much more.This is so important, in fact, that most websites have an entire page devoted to sharing contact details. We’d recommend doing this on your own site as well. However, you’ll also want to consider adding the information (or at least some of it) to your footer section:After all, your contact page is likely found by using a menu somewhere close to the beginning of each page. Your footer, on the other hand, is the last thing visitors see after scrolling down through a product page, reading a blog post, and so on. Immediately presenting them with contact details once they’ve finishing perusing your content is a smart move for encouraging them to get in touch right away.There are a few ways you can go about doing this. You can simply offer a link to your contact page, of course. However, this is easy to miss so we’d recommend including at least a few concrete pieces of information, such as your physical address, email address, and phone number.In addition, you may also want to conside r embedding a contact form in your WordPress footer:A contact form will take up a little more space in your footer, but can be a valuable addition if you don’t have lots of information to include in the section. What’s more, when you’re using a tool such as Contact Form 7, placing a form in your footer is just as simple as including it anywhere else on your site.2. Create a ‘key links’ sectionWe can’t overstate the importance of clear and functional navigation to your website’s success. At all points, it’s vital that visitors know how to get around, and can find what they need quickly and easily.You’ve no doubt noticed how many sites include links in their footers – its so common that your visitors may come to expect it. If they scroll down to your footer section looking for some navigational help, you don’t want to disappoint them. That’s why it’s smart to include a dedicated section for key l inks in your footer:To do this well, you’ll want to:Consider what the most important links on your site are. Footer space is limited, so you’ll want to stick with featuring top-level pages and vital sections – the places visitors are most likely to go.Organize those links into a handful of sections. This is a great way to provide a brief, useful ‘map’ of your site. For example, you can list all the pages with basic information about your company in one section and all your services under another.Beyond usability benefits, this approach can also help you funnel link equity to key content, which is an important part of WordPress SEO.3. Incorporate a Call To Action (CTA)Your site’s CTA is an element that tells visitors exactly what action you want them to take and provides a simple means for doing so. It can be a Buy Now button, an email list subscription, or even a membership sign-up form.CTAs are so important that youll want to put careful tho ught into how you place them. They should be prominent, and you don’t want to use too many (in order to avoid pestering visitors or overwhelming them with too many options). Still, it’s not a bad idea to use your primary CTA a couple of times throughout your site.As you can probably guess, we’re recommending you place one final CTA in your WordPress footer. After all, this section is your last chance to grab your visitors’ attention and encourage them to take action:Here are a few tips for designing an effective footer CTA:Keep it as simple and minimalist as possible. This keeps your footer uncluttered, makes the CTA easy to spot, and leaves no doubt in the visitors mind as to what they’re supposed to do.Make sure people can actually perform the desired action within the footer itself. Don’t prompt them to make a purchase or sign up to an email list, and expect them to scroll back up to your primary CTA in order to do so. Instead, embed your CTA button, link, or form right in the footer.Most importantly, we highly recommend including no more than one CTA in your site’s footer. Otherwise, you risk diluting your primary message.ConclusionAlong with your site’s header, menu, and sidebars, the footer helps to make up its primary structure. When done well, your WordPress footer can provide a convenient snapshot of your site.If you’re looking to put together a simple but highly effective WordPress footer, we’d suggest following these three strategies:Include contact information, and potentially  a contact form.Create a ‘key links’ section to provide additional navigation.Incorporate a  clear CTA.Do you have any questions about how to design your website’s footer section? Ask us anything in the comments section below! Unsure what to put in your #WordPress #footer? Read this post for 3 essentials